Rules of Thumb

Handy Information

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General Info

• GUMPS = Gas, Undercarriage, Mixture, Prop(s), Switches & Seatblets
• Standard Temperature (ISA) at sea level is: 15°C (59°F)
• Temperature decreases 2°C (or 3.5°F) for every 1,000 you climb.
• Vr is approximately 1.15 Vs.

Fuel

• Weight of 100LL: 6.0 lbs/gal
• Weight of Jet A: 6.75 lbs/gal
• Weight of 50W Oil: 7.5 lbs/gal (1.875 lbs/qt)

V-Speeds

• V-Speeds are designated speeds for a specific flight condition.
• Vs - Stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable.
• Vso - Stall speed in the dirty configuration.
• Vr - Rotation speed, the speed at which rotation of the airplane is initiated to takeoff attitude.
• Vx - Best angle of climb.
• Vy - Best rate for climb.

Weight & Balanace

• Weight x Arm = Moment
• Total Moment ÷ Total Weight = CG (inches)
• Weight Shift Formula: (Weight shifted/Total weight) = (Distance CG shifted/Distance weight shifted)